Digital Communication in Psychoanalysis: An Oxymoron?

Texts and emails can create treatment dilemmas. This is especially the case when impulsively employed by patient or therapist. The opportunities for miscommunication are rife because of the lack of opportunity to converse in person and because tone of voice,  body language, and other nonverbal cues are missing. They can also have a depersonalizing effect on sender and receiver. The paper addresses how these problems occur and ways to deal with them.